Evaluating the Socio-Economic Benefits of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) along Thika Road Corridor, Nairobi

Abstract

This study evaluates the socio-economic benefits of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) along the Thika Road corridor in Nairobi, Kenya, through a comprehensive literature review and mixed-method research approach. TOD is identified as a critical urban planning strategy to address significant challenges such as traffic congestion, pollution, and inadequate infrastructure. The study compares local examples with global successes in cities like Hong Kong and Portland, Oregon, where TOD has notably increased property values, enhanced business activity, and reduced commute times. The research employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. Quantitative data on property values and business growth are obtained from real estate agencies, government land records, and property listing websites. Surveys and questionnaires are distributed to residents and business owners in TOD and non-TOD areas to assess community well-being. Additionally, qualitative data are gathered through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, including urban planners, policymakers, real estate developers, and community leaders. Focus group discussions provide further insights into residents' perceptions and experiences. Key findings indicate that property values in TOD areas increased by an average of 20% over five years, compared to 8% in non-TOD areas. Business growth in TOD areas saw a 15% increase in the number of businesses and a 25% rise in business revenues. Employment opportunities in these areas grew by 10%. Surveys also indicated a 10% reduction in respiratory problems and a 15% decrease in traffic-related accidents in TOD areas. Residents reported a 20% increase in satisfaction with access to amenities and services. The study offers several recommendations: developing a comprehensive land use strategy integrating TOD principles, investing in public transport infrastructure, enhancing community participation in planning processes to ensure sustainability and inclusiveness, implementing policies to manage property value appreciation to avoid displacement of low-income residents, and encouraging mixed-use development to create vibrant, dynamic urban spaces. The successful implementation of TOD along the Thika Road corridor underscores its potential to drive sustainable development and address urban challenges in Nairobi. The study's findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners, highlighting how to optimize the socio-economic benefits of TOD and contribute to an equitable, sustainable urban future.