Hepatoprotective and Anticancer Potentials of Moringa oleifera and Musa sapientum Extracts against Cadmium Chloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Adelaja Akinlolu; Mubarak Ameen; Gabriel Ebito; Nnaemeka Asogwa; Raheem Akindele; Bamidele Fagbohunka; Zainab Arowolo; Taofeeq Garuba

Adelaja Akinlolu Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences Ondo
Mubarak Ameen Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Gabriel Ebito Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Nnaemeka Asogwa Central Research Laboratory, Tanke, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Raheem Akindele Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Bamidele Fagbohunka Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Zainab Arowolo Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Taofeeq Garuba Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

Keywords: Cadmium, Moringa oleifera, Musa sapientum, re-myelination, anticancer, hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Anticancer potential of MO11 (fractionated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and
MS06 (fractionated from Musa sapientum suckers) against cadmium chloride
induced hepatotoxicity, demyelination, carcinogenesis, and metastasis is
reported. The activity was evaluated for 17 days in 24 adult male Wistar rats
randomly divided into six groups (n=4). The baseline control Group 1 received
normal saline only for the entire study period. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 6 received
single CdCl-dose on Day 1. Group 2 (negative control) received no further
treatment, while Groups 3, 4 and 6 were treated with plant extracts MO11,
MO11+MS06, and doxorubicin (positive control), respectively, on Days 1-17.
Group 5 received olive oil vehicle only for the 17 days. Levels of
neurotransmitters (dopamine and glutamate), and biomarkers of myelination
(myelin basic protein, MBP), drug metabolism and carcinogenesis
(cytochrome p450), apoptosis (caspase-3 and p53), and angiogenesis (soluble
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, sVEGFR) in liver homogenates
were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were
statistically analysed using Mann-Whitney U test with p ≤ 0.05. The MO11,
MO11+MS06, and doxorubicin upregulated dopamine, glutamate, and
cytochrome p450, but downregulated MBP, caspase-3, p53 and sVEGFR in
Groups 3, 4 and 6, compared with Group 2, implying the hepatoprotective,
re-myelination, and anticancer potential of the studied plant fractions.