Entrepreneurship and Skills Acquisition Disparities in Emerging and Established Continents: Perspectives from African and European Economies

Abstract

This study explores the disparities in entrepreneurship and skills acquisition between Africa and Europe, analysing their theoretical and practical dimensions. It aims to understand the root causes of these disparities and propose strategies for improving Africa's entrepreneurial landscape and skill development experiences. The urgency of this investigation stems from the historical context of European colonisation, which introduced various lingua francas, educational systems, and frameworks for business, entrepreneurship, and skill development in Africa. Despite ongoing advancements in technology, science, business, and the economy in Europe, Africa continues to be an economically emerging continent that remains import-dependent and grapples with challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and technological stagnation. Employing a desk-study research approach, this study conducts a critical analysis and comparison of the geographical, historical, educational, technological, and entrepreneurial contexts of both regions. The findings indicate that factors such as colonialism, an inadequate educational structure, outdated technology, and necessity-driven economic conditions significantly contribute to Africa's current challenges in entrepreneurship, skill acquisition, unemployment, economic stagnation, and limited technological progress. The study recommends a paradigm shift from necessity-driven entrepreneurship to opportunity-based entrepreneurship, fostering collaboration with their European counterparts to become more technology-focused, research-oriented, and opportunity-driven, while integrating curricula that feature skill acquisition and entrepreneurial development in African educational institutions.

Key Words: Entrepreneurship, skills acquisition, necessity-driven entrepreneurs, opportunity-based entrepreneurs, innovation